Law library
The key texts of Moroccan law, presented and explained: who they apply to, what they provide, what they change for you.
26 texts
- Family · Moroccans abroadFamily CodeThe Moudawana governs family life in Morocco: entering into marriage, the rights and duties of spouses, the dissolution of marriage, maintenance, child custody and legal guardianship. It places the family under the joint responsibility of both spouses and gives the judge a central supervisory role, particularly in divorce. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- Business · Debt recovery · Property · AccidentsCode of Obligations and ContractsThe DOC is the foundation of Moroccan civil law: it sets the general rules on contracts and civil liability, then regulates the main everyday contracts (sale, lease, agency, loan, guarantee). Almost every dispute between individuals or businesses comes back to it at some point. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- EmploymentLabour CodeThe Labour Code governs the relationship between employer and employee in the private sector: forming and ending the employment contract, working hours, leave, pay, staff representation and dispute resolution. In particular, it protects employees against dismissal without valid grounds. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- Debt recovery · Business · FamilyCode of Civil ProcedureThe Code of Civil Procedure sets out how civil cases run: how to bring a claim, how the parties exchange arguments, and how a judgment is served, challenged and enforced. It also contains fast-track procedures such as summary proceedings and payment orders. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- CriminalCriminal CodeThe Criminal Code defines punishable conduct and the penalties attached to it. It classifies offences as felonies, misdemeanours and petty offences, sets the general rules of criminal liability and lists the circumstances that aggravate or mitigate a sentence. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- CriminalCode of Criminal ProcedureThe Code of Criminal Procedure sets out the path of a criminal case: police investigation, the prosecutor's decision, any judicial investigation, trial and appeals. It also sets out the rights of the suspect and of the victim at each stage. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- Property · InheritanceReal Rights CodeThe Real Rights Code brings together the rules on ownership of real estate and other rights over property: usufruct, easements, mortgages, joint ownership, the right of pre-emption (chefaa) and gifts. It applies to both registered and unregistered property. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- PropertyLand RegistrationLaw No. 14-07 modernised the land registration system inherited from the 1913 Dahir. It sets out the procedure leading to a land title, the document that definitively establishes the legal status of a property, and the entries that keep it up to date. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- Property · Debt recoveryResidential leasesLaw No. 67-12 governs the letting of homes and professional premises: the form of the lease, the inventory, payment and review of rent, each party's obligations and the conditions for eviction. It seeks a balance between protecting the tenant and the landlord's right to be paid. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- Property · BusinessCommercial leasesLaw No. 49-16 protects traders, manufacturers and craftspeople who run their business from leased premises. It regulates rent review, the assignment of the lease and, above all, eviction, which as a rule entitles the tenant to compensation. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- PropertyOff-plan purchase (VEFA)Law No. 107-12 strengthened the protection of buyers of off-plan homes. It regulates the reservation contract, the preliminary contract, staged payment of the price in line with construction progress and the penalties for developer delays. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- PropertyCo-ownershipLaw No. 18-00 organises life in buildings divided into apartments or units owned by several people. It distinguishes private and common parts, creates the owners' association and sets the role of the property manager (syndic), the general meeting and the sharing of charges. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- Business · Debt recoveryCommercial CodeThe Commercial Code sets the status of traders and the rules on businesses (fonds de commerce), negotiable instruments (bill of exchange, promissory note, cheque), the main commercial contracts and the handling of business difficulties. It applies to traders and to commercial transactions. This is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Official Bulletin is authoritative.
- BusinessPublic limited companiesThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 17-95 governs the société anonyme (SA), the company form preferred for large projects, groups and listed companies. It sets out incorporation requirements, minimum capital, management and supervisory bodies, shareholders' rights and directors' liability.
- BusinessSARL and other commercial companiesThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 5-96 governs commercial companies other than the SA, above all the SARL (limited liability company), the form most widely used in Morocco by entrepreneurs and SMEs. It sets the rules on incorporation, management, transfer of shares and members' liability.
- Business · Debt recoveryCommercial courtsThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 53-95 created the commercial courts and commercial courts of appeal, which hear disputes between businesses. It defines their jurisdiction, organisation and the main procedural rules that apply before them.
- AdministrativeAdministrative courtsThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 41-90 created the administrative courts, which hear disputes between individuals or businesses and public authorities. It governs applications to annul administrative decisions and liability claims against public bodies.
- Business · Moroccans abroadArbitration and mediationThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 95-17 is a stand-alone statute on arbitration and conventional mediation, two ways of resolving disputes outside the state courts. It governs the arbitration agreement, the conduct of arbitral proceedings, recognition of awards and the use of a mediator.
- BusinessConsumer protectionThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 31-08 protects consumers in their dealings with businesses: information on prices and products, unfair terms, a right of withdrawal for distance and doorstep sales, rules on consumer credit and guarantees.
- BusinessPersonal dataThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 09-08 regulates the collection and use of personal data in Morocco and set up the national data protection authority (CNDP). It imposes obligations on organisations that process data and grants rights to the individuals concerned.
- Criminal · FamilyViolence against womenThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 103-13, in force since September 2018, strengthens the protection of women against physical, sexual, psychological and economic violence. It creates new offences, increases certain penalties and allows the court to order protection measures for the victim.
- AccidentsRoad traffic accidentsThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. The Dahir of 2 October 1984 sets the rules for compensating victims of accidents involving land motor vehicles. Compensation for personal injury is calculated on a statutory scale that takes into account, in particular, the victim's age, income and disability rate.
- Accidents · EmploymentWork accidentsThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 18-12, applicable since 2015, governs compensation for accidents arising out of or in the course of work, as well as commuting accidents. It makes insurance compulsory for employers and provides for daily allowances, annuities and a conciliation procedure.
- Administrative · PropertyExpropriationThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 7-81 sets out the procedure by which public authorities may acquire private property for a public interest project in return for compensation. It provides for a public inquiry, an administrative valuation, an amicable stage and, failing agreement, a court decision.
- Administrative · Business · FamilyJudicial organisationThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 38-15, adopted in 2022, sets out the structure of Morocco's courts and the principles governing how they work. It organises the courts of first instance, the specialised courts, the courts of appeal and the Court of Cassation.
- CriminalAlternative sentencesThis is an unofficial explanatory note; only the Arabic text published in the Bulletin officiel is authoritative. Law No. 43-22, in force since August 2025, allows the court to replace certain prison sentences with alternative sentences: community service, electronic monitoring, restriction of certain rights or supervision and treatment measures, and day fines.
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